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Oxenfoord Castle
Oxenfoord Castle is a country house in Midlothian, Scotland. It is located north of Pathhead, and south-east of Dalkeith, above the Tyne Water. Originally a 16th-century tower house, the present castle is largely the result of major rebuilding in 1782, to designs by the architect Robert Adam. Oxenfoord was the seat of the Earl of Stair from 1840, and remains in private ownership. It is protected as a category A listed building,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Oxenfoord Castle: Listed Building Report )〕 while the grounds are included in the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Oxenfoord Castle )〕
==History==
The lands of Oxenfoord were owned by the Riddel family in the 12th century. By the 16th century the MacGills owned the estate, and built the original tower house.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Oxenfoord Castle: Site history )〕 In 1651, James MacGill was elevated to the peerage as Viscount of Oxfuird. Oxenfoord passed through the family until it was inherited by Thomas Hamilton of Fala. His daughter and heiress, Elizabeth Hamilton, married Sir John Dalrymple, 4th Baronet, in 1760, and they inherited the estate in 1779. Sir John, a lawyer, scientist and historian, published ''Memoirs of Great Britain and Ireland'' (1771), and ''Essays on Different Natural Situations of Gardens'' (1774), an influential book at the time.〔 A friend of Robert Adam, he commissioned the architect to rebuild his tower house at Oxenfoord in 1780. The L-plan tower was absorbed into the new building, in a similar manner to Adam's Culzean Castle. A new approach bridge was built around this time by Alexander Stevens, an Adam associate.〔 The bridge is also a category A listed building.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Oxenfoord Viaduct: Listed Building Report )〕
Sir John's son, in 1840, inherited the title 8th Earl of Stair. He commissioned William Burn to remodel the castle in 1842.〔 A new wing and entrance was added in the style of Adam's work. The 8th and 9th Earls established a pinetum in the grounds of the house. In 1864 the 10th Earl inherited Lochinch Castle in Galloway, and made his principal home there rather than at Oxenfoord.〔 From 1931 until 1993 the house was used by Oxenfoord Castle School, founded by Lady Marjorie Dalrymple,〔 sister of John Dalrymple, 11th Earl of Stair.〔Martine, Roddy (Oxenfoord Castle - A Fine Ancestral Home ) Scotland Magazine, Retrieved 15 October 2014〕 Since 1993, the house has reverted to private use by the Dalrymple family〔 and has been used as a wedding venue, for private parties and for corporate events.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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